Hard work, dedication, love, and resilience weave together an extraordinary tapestry that is the military spouse. We are strong, independent women and men fiercely supportive of each other. We care wholeheartedly about all associated with the military and work tirelessly to support those who support us through serving our country.

Military Spouse Appreciation Month recognizes the spouse’s contributions to the military and the community. Those in the military took an oath to serve our country and receive medals, salutes, and commendations for their commitment. The sacrifices of the families, while not as evident, should also be applauded and recognized for their commitment to the service of our country through their support of the service member. Often these sacrifices go unnoticed and can create challenges, such as maintaining a job or career.

The Struggle of Finding Employment as a Military Spouse

On many military installations, spouses volunteer thousands of hours for the cause of the community and the military services. One can find a spouse volunteering at thrift stores, schools, Community Action Centers, Military Spouse Clubs, and the American Red Cross, to name a few. The spouse’s work is visible and needed. When the service member knows that the family is stable and receiving the required support within the community, they can focus on serving their mission without hesitation.

Along with the usual marital stresses, most non-military spouses are near support systems of family, lifelong friends, and resources known to them. We learn to make friends quickly, and those people become our family. The resentment and loneliness this lifestyle brings can be hard to understand. The sacrifice, commitment, and the stress of many domestic roles can be lonely and isolating at times. We can sometimes lose our identity – known only as someone’s spouse or someone’s parent. Many opportunities present themselves, such as worldwide travel, educational benefits, and excellent schools, but with these opportunities there can be just as many, if not more, sacrifices.

So much of our military lifestyle is beyond our control. Affordable childcare options are a major concern for military spouses. It is a primary family expense and the main reason many spouses choose not to work outside the home. At one point in my career, I worked 40 hours a week and cleared less than $600 monthly after childcare expenses, transportation, lunch, hair, nails, etc. I was exhausted and felt enormous guilt for allowing my children to be cared for by strangers while I earned a mere pittance.

Military spouses sometimes “Suffer in Silence,” fearing that speaking up may impact our service member’s career.

Qualities of a Military Spouse

We cover family milestones, holidays, and events alone, often finding ways to make up for the missing service member. In many cases, giving birth is a prime example. Thanks to my husband’s battalion chaplain (and his wife who made him do it), Gary was able to sneak away for a couple of hours (in full camouflage paint and an odor to match!) from field exercises to visit our newborn son and me in the neonatal intensive care unit in Fayetteville, NC.

Charlene Austin, the wife of Secretary of Defense General Lloyd Austin, has always been a working military spouse. She gave me this advice years ago when I became despondent during my job search. “This [military] experience is guaranteed to be like no other. Remain open to options and alternatives. Grow to be happy with yourself and work to realize your needs and goals.” That is good advice, but so much easier said than done.

Military spouses often sacrifice a stable career with their active-duty partner. The constant moving makes it hard to have career progression since you are not in any position long enough to have forward momentum. For example, my dear friend, Ivy, has multiple graduate degrees. Yet, she decided not to work for nearly twenty years because it was difficult to secure positions with growth and one that would work with her schedule of raising children and supporting her military service member.

Military spouses are adaptable, flexible, punctual finance managers, organizational managers, schedule managers, and residential physician assistants. They serve as Girl Scout leaders, Boy Scout leaders, piano teachers, sports coaches, and tutors. We are located in an area for 12-36 months. Within the first two weeks of arrival, the spouse has unpacked and arranged the house, registered students in new schools (who is my emergency contact when I don’t know anyone?!), obtained new doctors and a dentist, scheduled sporting activities and other extra-curriculum activities, and planned the summer vacation with fun activities.

Why Companies Should Hire Military Spouses

Securing positions and establishing a career have changed within the last 10 years for military spouses; however, it can sometimes still be difficult for a spouse to secure a position if they are not a teacher or working within the medical field. Many employers hesitate to hire a military spouse because they focused on the spouse leaving and not the skills the person was contributing to the overall mission.

An organization would benefit from having a military spouse who can work independently and collaboratively to complete tasks without supervision. A military spouse has likely managed a household and children and settled conflicts—from submitting damage claims to advocating for the best classes for their child. Military spouses are often highly educated and experienced; therefore, they meet the requirements for many positions. They should not be discounted simply because they may be at a temporary station. There are a lot of remote work options these days that may result in continuity beyond service location.

Carolyn Shelton, the spouse of General Hugh Shelton, former Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, shared an interesting story concerning her job search in the Washington, DC, area. She was submitting applications but had very little previous employment. She added her volunteer experience as a military spouse instead. A hiring manager reviewed her application and said, “Anyone who would volunteer this much at no pay has to be reliable. You’re hired!” Never discount the strength of your volunteer experience. You gain marketable skills needed in the business community.

When I met Carolyn, she had moved 24 times in 29 years. She humorously described her first experience as a military spouse (although I am sure humorously was not how she would have described it then).  They arrived at Ft. Benning, Georgia, where her husband was to attend Ranger School. He told her, “I’m going to sign in with the unit, then I’ll be back.” He didn’t make it back for two days! This happens more often than we care to admit.

It is past time that companies provide childcare assistance or subsidies. A flexible spending account should be one of many benefits companies offer employees. I hope the future holds affordable options for all companies that will foster a healthier work-life balance.

Companies like Magellan Federal have already taken giant steps in supporting military spouses in the workplace. Our Talent Acquisition team is superb at keeping the company recognized as a Military Friendly Top 10 Spouse Employer. Our President and CEO, Anna Sever, is the spouse of an active-duty military service member. I do not doubt that under her leadership, we will continue to build on the foundation the company was founded on – care for surviving spouses of the fallen. I applaud Magellan Federal for the emphasis placed on mental health and access to resources.

I encourage other corporations to provide more opportunities for military spouses. Hire them because they get the job done and allow them to manage at the highest positions!

Since joining Magellan Behavioral Health of Pennsylvania (Magellan) two years ago, Stephanie Cassanese, stays busy in Cambria County supporting many different aspects of Magellan’s business in the Pennsylvania counties served by Magellan. In her role as supervisor of Recovery and Resiliency Services, Cassanese first and foremost leads the recovery and resiliency team and leads MY LIFE for Pennsylvania, where she oversees all aspects of the youth and young adult program for all Magellan counties.

“I do many things and every day here is different which is one of the reasons I love the job. It’s never the same day twice,” said Cassanese. Continue reading to learn more about the many innovative initiatives Cassanese and her team are working on at Magellan:

What project have you recently worked on that is impactful?

My team completed a project at the end of 2022 called the Peer Professional Employment Guide. It’s a workbook that we provide to new certified peer support (CPS) professionals with the goal of providing a source of advice and inspiration. This was a part of our Workforce Development Project that we’re continuing into 2023 post-COVID. There have been staffing shortages in every industry, but particularly in mental health. We’ve struggled to find and retain workers, so this is a part of our hope to retain newly trained peer professionals. There are a lot of individuals that get into peer support and don’t know what they’re getting into. The workbook shares information on everything from getting hired, interviewing, ethics, boundaries, and self-care. We also include testimonials from working peer professionals, so that individuals coming into peer support know what to expect.

Why is Magellan Behavioral Health of Pennsylvania the best place to work on creative projects?

Magellan is more than just a managed care organization; we really want to collaborate with the counties that we serve. I think Magellan encourages relationship building and that’s really the core tenet of my job, just building relationships with our county and provider partners and reassuring them that if they have questions or need any peer support related information, they can come to me. That’s something that Magellan really promotes collaboration and the idea of going above and beyond.

What are your thoughts on the culture at Magellan Behavioral Health of Pennsylvania? How has that culture impacted your team?

The culture here is really to be collaborators with our counties and providers. I think what differentiates us from other managed care organizations is that we’re not just the people that pay the claims. More than that, we try to be present at different events together with other stakeholders. Leadership is supportive; they want us to be out there in Pennsylvania communities, and leadership is always looking to help make that happen. We always strive to do better than we did the day before, that’s the culture here.

What exciting trends in the healthcare industry have you noticed? In what direction do you see healthcare going in? What lessons are there to learn from other industries that can be applied to healthcare?

The biggest one that comes to mind is the focus that the state and federal government is putting on suicide prevention and education. Since COVID, suicide rates have skyrocketed, and people are feeling more isolated and lonelier than they ever have before. This can also be related to another research push I’ve seen recently, which is on the impact of social media on youth and young adults on FOMO (the fear of missing out), self-esteem, and body image issues. I think that focusing on both, post-COVID, is going to be important.  Self-care has become common, and I think it is important that we encourage people to focus on caring for themselves, both physically and mentally. Magellan has also implemented a suicide risk assessment plan to identify members who may need additional support or treatment.

The healthcare industry also continues to conduct research focusing on things that are significantly impacting mental health, post-COVID. This is also more of a focus because our physical health and our mental health are one. When you’re struggling with your mental health, then your physical health will suffer and vice versa. I hope we continue with that direction because they are not two separate things. We’re one body, soul, spirit, and mind and it’s all connected.

Throughout the month of April, we are celebrating National Volunteer Month. We’re expressing our gratitude to all individuals who donate their time and resources to local or national efforts. In this spotlight are three Magellan Health employees who explain why they volunteer and what organizations are most important to them:

• Stephen Towns, director of project & program management, Magellan of Virginia
• Matthew Podjeski, vice president, Human Resources
• Barb Borowy, administrative assistant II

Continue reading to learn more about how Barb, Stephen, and Matthew donate their time:

What volunteer work do you participate in and for what organizations?

Stephen: In 2016, I launched a church campaign to help remove the stigma of mental illness among Black Americans. I began lecturing and teaching classes throughout the faith-based community to eradicate the demonization of those with a mental illness, inform our community on suicide prevention, and offer alternative solutions for substance abuse.

Shortly after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, a government-sponsored food program approached me, seeking a partnership with our ministry to distribute food to our community. In August 2020, we began distributing over 36,000 pounds of food to our community every Saturday morning. At our peak, we had several Saturdays where we gave away over 72,000 pounds of food in less than three hours! The community embraced our ministry, and in March of 2021, we secured the building where we currently reside. Last month, we graciously accepted an award for a grant to sponsor a program I created, “Eat Well – Be Well,” which allows us to distribute $400 of fresh fruits and vegetables bi-weekly to a senior community we adopted. Helping to overcome the health disparities of aged people of color has been a tremendously joyful experience. We hope that if even in a small way, we can positively move the bar for the health of this community.

Matthew: I volunteer at Canterbury Enterprises, an organization that provides meaningful and nurturing onsite employment opportunities for individuals with disabilities. Our entire focus is on creating a supportive, engaging, and respectful workplace for folks whose abilities may not align with traditional workplaces. At Canterbury, our associates are part of a team, they are proud of the work they do, and everyone is dedicated to making it the best experience for each of our associates, as well as for their families. It has been fascinating learning the intricacies of running a sheltered workshop and navigating the legislative, accreditation, and business development opportunities involved, while never losing focus on those we serve – the employees who work at Canterbury.

I am also on the board for Clare’s House. Similarly, when my friend Terry Economos told me her vision for helping seniors and people who are challenged to keep their beloved family dog at home, I knew I wanted to dive in. Clare’s House walks dogs for people who cannot; we take beloved family dogs to visit their owners in assisted living and in rehab facilities. We offer fostering for those temporary periods where the owner is not able to care for their dog. We take dogs to groomers and help pay for medications and surgeries for folks who would otherwise consider relinquishing their beloved furry friend to a shelter. Clare’s House partners with VA centers and other facilities to support their residents to house their family pets if they cannot.

I also have the pleasure of providing leadership and support for the passionate group of Magellan employees who affiliate with the Maryland Heights (St. Louis), MO office, and volunteer to lead awareness and fundraising efforts for our highlighted local charities. Each year, these employees to select the charities to be highlighted for the year. The planning team initiates communication campaigns, onsite volunteering activities, and general awareness. In 2022, our employees touched the lives of many people in our communities, raising over $28,000 in donations.

Barb: Although I continue to actively support NAMI Maryland and the Maryland Food Bank locally, I’m currently focusing my efforts on donating to organizations, rather than in-person volunteering.

How did you get involved with this organization and volunteering in general? How long have you been volunteering?

Stephen: In 2016, I accepted the invitation to lead the Glen Allen VA chapter of Magellan Cares where I created the first onsite volunteer fair. Our Magellan Cares team engaged our coworkers to attend and commit to volunteering. The fair resulted in over a hundred employees signing up to volunteer at participating organizations.

Matthew: I started at Canterbury in 2015 where my friend served as the executive director. I shared with my friend that I was interested in volunteering and knowing I work in Human Resources, he recommended I join the board of Canterbury. I started volunteering at Clare’s House in 2020, the Women’s Safe House in 2002, and Room at the Inn in 2014.

Barb: I joined the company in 1992 and was quickly asked to join the newly forming Community Affairs Committee. Our focus was supporting NAMI Maryland and United Way of Central Maryland. Once our Columbia presence grew, we added support to American Red Cross with monetary donations and blood drives held at the office, Toys for Tots during the Holidays, Grass Roots (a Howard County organization dedicated to assisting victims of domestic violence), and the Maryland Food Bank. Recently we participated in and obtained a corporate sponsorship for the 2022 Walk to support the American Foundation for Suicide Prevention. Additionally, we are currently gearing up for the upcoming 2023 NAMI Walks event.

Why is it important for others to volunteer in their communities?

Stephen: When we can find commonality with others, despite our racial, political, ideological, cultural, or socioeconomic differences, that commonality can overshadow any differences and fulfill our human need for community. When that human need is fulfilled, it motivates us to want to do our part, not just for ourselves, but for others. And, particularly for those who are unable to do for themselves.

Matthew: I hope Volunteer Month serves as the bright light that gets you thinking about how you can help, and whose lives you can touch, at any time of the year.  There are so many people and families in our local communities who struggle in one way or another.

Barb: As Magellan employees, we are fortunate to be able to help and most have a cause dear to their hearts. All small donations add up, and participation in a local event that raises awareness and visibility to an organization that is personally important can be life altering to someone in need.

Is there anything else about what National Volunteer Month you’d like to highlight?

Stephen: Magellan employees are fortunate to work for a company that encourages everyone to volunteer. Many non-profit organizations are dependent on people like us who are willing to volunteer and help others in need.

Matthew: Thank you to those people who had a vision to create a service or pull a group of like-minded people together to help meet those needs. Vision is not enough – to make a vision a reality, organizations depend on people who have similar passions and a desire to make the world a better place for others.

Barb: I, personally, am a huge supporter of the American Red Cross. In most cases, they are first on the scene of natural disasters, man-made disasters, personal disasters, or wherever assistance is most needed. Then there are the blood donation management efforts. It just seems like, whatever is needed, the Red Cross is always there; and I try to be there for them!

Read more about additional volunteer work done by Magellan Health employees in the communities we serve here.

With the start of Autism Acceptance Month in April, Senior Manager of Clinical Care Services Cara Albanese is focused on creating innovative and inclusive ways to better serve the needs of individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Albanese, who has been with Magellan for over six years, oversees the Applied Behavioral Analysis (ABA) operations in the California markets, including ABA Services for some commercial accounts. As manager of a team of eight employees, Albanese and her team review treatment plans and work directly with ABA providers to ensure adherence to the main objectives for their membership and that treatments align with the Magellan Health standards that provide members with the best care possible. Continue reading to learn more about what innovative programs and new initiatives for individuals with ASD Albanese is working on:

What sort of projects are you currently working on?

We started piloting a value-based model for ABA in October in our California market. Magellan is pioneering this type of program for ABA services. Now we are working on evaluating the findings to establish evidence-based practices and drive outcomes-based programs across the ABA industry. Implementing this program will allow us to evaluate treatment planning and delivery to continuously improve care for children with ASD and help the families who care for them.

What are your thoughts on the culture here at Magellan? How does that culture make Magellan the best place to do these innovative projects?

Magellan has a very strong culture of innovation and values our members’ satisfaction. We’re always looking to grow the field and improve data-driven outcomes for our membership. At Magellan, we continue to expand our knowledge and look at autism services across the industry as we continue the growth of our department. We work with a multidisciplinary team giving us insights from a variety of medical professionals. Being able to work with a variety of medical professionals ensures that our members are receiving the best care, as we can provide a holistic and prudent approach to care. Our clinical leadership at Magellan creates a supportive and collaborative environment to think outside the box and increase innovative thinking.

What does Autism Awareness and Acceptance Month mean to you?

The prevalence of autism has continued to rise to a rate of one in 36 children in the United States. Most individuals know someone who has autism or some experience with someone diagnosed with autism. This increased awareness allows us to start to support this population as a community. We can do this as clinicians by modifying and changing the science around ABA to support the current needs of the ASD population and their families. We can continue to increase inclusivity of children and adults with ASD, as they may learn and engage differently. Everyone should be embraced for their individual abilities.

According to the National Institutes of Health’s (NIH) National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, alcohol contributes to more than 200 health conditions and about 99,000 deaths in the U.S. each year.[1] According to the CDC, one in six adults in the U.S. binge drinks with 25% doing so at least weekly.[2]

April is National Alcohol Awareness Month, which is a time to increase your personal awareness about alcohol abuse and alcoholism and to recognize these disorders, which can be treated.

Magellan Federal’s Senior Manager in the Adolescent Support & Counseling Services (ASACS), Allison Welliver, LMHC, MCAP, shares her insights on why this month is important. Welliver is a licensed mental health counselor and a master’s level certified addiction professional.

Q: Why is National Alcohol Awareness Month important?

Allison Welliver: National Alcohol Awareness Month is important because it brings awareness to alcohol abuse and dependency and allows people to be screened to see where their use of alcohol falls (low, moderate, or high risk for alcohol abuse or dependence). It also allows people to see how their use of alcohol compares to alcohol use by other people of the same age and sex.

Since alcohol is a legal drug, and so often used in social situations and celebrations, it can be difficult to see when alcohol abuse is happening.

Q: What are signs that someone is addicted to alcohol?

AW: Signs of dependence on alcohol can be behavioral/social or physical. Behavioral/social signs include secretive use, heavy drinking, drinking alone, drinking at inappropriate times of the day (in the morning), and continuing to drink despite the negative impact it has on your relationships, job, and health. Physical signs may include developing a tolerance, developing the “shakes” when not drinking alcohol, disrupted sleep, lethargy, or headaches, and needing a drink to alleviate negative symptoms.

Q: What is the connection between this addiction and mental health?

AW: Addiction and mental health problems are frequently comorbid, meaning that they often occur at the same time. It is a question of which comes first – does the mental health problem cause the addiction or vice versa? Many times, people turn to alcohol or other drugs to cope with mental health concerns that they are having. They could use alcohol to cover up depression or other pain underneath.

Q: What are some steps someone should take if they recognize they need help and what does Magellan offer to support someone who is dealing with alcohol addiction?

AW: First, reach out to a therapist. A therapist can evaluate your use and determine what setting is best to treat your alcohol use. Surround yourself with a positive, supportive network who understands that you need help. You may identify support through connecting with your company’s Employee Assistance Program (EAP), if one is available to you. When contracted with an employer, Magellan offers EAP services to employees and their household members who may question if their use is abnormal, or if they have been having problems related to drinking. EAP services, including counseling, are free and confidential.

Q: Is there anything you would like to add or any resources you want to provide?

AW: There is a free online screening tool that anyone can use to gauge their level of alcohol use. https://alcoholscreening.org/

Additional Resources

• NIH Rethinking Drinking
• Work Stress and Drinking: A Vicious Cycle?
• How to say no to drugs and alcohol
• Maintain Your Recovery During the Pandemic

[1] Helping Your Patients with Alcohol-Related Problems: https://www.niaaa.nih.gov/health-professionals-communities/core-resource-on-alcohol?utm_source=twitter&utm_medium=social&utm_campaign=jul-2022

[2] Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: https://www.cdc.gov/alcohol/fact-sheets/binge-drinking.htm

On March 30, we are celebrating National Doctor’s Day where we honor all physicians for their dedication and contributions to the health of their patients. With the healthcare industry becoming more complex than ever with so many advancements, tools, and information, doctors continue to manage the overwhelming responsibility to be able to accurately diagnosis and treat their patients and continue to pave the way to better healthcare options. We’re spotlighting three of Magellan Health’s doctors who each explain why they chose to become physicians, and what are some of the most rewarding and challenging aspects of working in this field:

• Doris Lebischak, M.D., medical director with the California plan, has been with Magellan since September 2020.
• Lyle Forehand, M.D., medical director, has been with Magellan since July 2022.
• Anjali Yeolekar-Dasari, M.D., medical director BH Presbyterian/ Magellan Health (NM), has been with Magellan since June 2021.

Continue reading to learn more from Drs. Lebischak, Forehand, and Yoelekar-Dasari on their experience as physicians:

Why did you become a physician and what is the most rewarding aspect of working in this field?

Dr. Lebischak: There is nothing more important than our health. When you have your health, you have everything. Anything that I do that contributes to collective or individual health makes me happy.

Dr. Forehand: This is what I was born to do. I really think I’m blessed to be doing this, especially after so many attempts when I was younger to do something else. Being a physician is great because I get to listen and improve at that skill as I’ve always talked more than listened. Especially as a psychiatrist, I must be good at hearing what people are saying and what they aren’t saying. The best part for me is when I have helped someone, not because of something I know as a doctor, but because of who I am as a person. Meaning, all the things I’ve done, or thought, or said all added up to who I am in that moment which helped change someone’s life for the better. I think those of us working in the behavioral health fields get that experience more than most – and it’s awesome!

Dr. Yoelekar-Dasari: I was brought up by a family of doctors in India. I would spend my summers helping my grandfather, a general practitioner, who practiced medicine in rural India. It was watching him interact with his patients and in turn the patient’s gratitude towards his work that made a deep impact on me. I started focusing on science and found the discipline intellectually challenging. I wouldn’t be who I am today if it were not to be for my mother’s constant encouragement to achieve my goal of being a physician and a psychiatrist. The field of medicine and psychiatry has allowed me to meet new people and has given me the opportunity to help make people feel better.

What are some challenges you face being a physician and how do you overcome them?

Dr. Lebischak: Becoming a physician was an impossibility when I first considered it. I started as a candy striper and believed that women could only become nurses or teachers. Following others that have braved the path before me (especially my sister) has helped me overcome the challenges. Today the challenge is implementing what we know. We have never had better healthcare, yet our life expectancy is decreasing. Lifestyle medicine can prevent 80% of all chronic medical conditions, including mental health conditions. Our collaborative care model gives us a way to support our members to make those connections and make good decisions to support their health.

Dr. Forehand: Everyone has an opinion about health. The Internet has now bred two generations of people who think they know about medicine as much as their doctors. People aren’t simple, and our problems aren’t easy.

Dr. Yoelekar-Dasari: I have spent my entire career practicing psychiatry in northern New Mexico which is very rural. There are shortages of doctors, psychiatrists, primary care doctors, and specialty physicians. This sometimes puts psychiatrists in positions of being everything to everyone and frequently having to cope with being the sole resource for the community. It is the gratitude from my patients that has kept me going.

Is there anything you’d like to highlight about working in this field? 

Dr. Lebischak: You have no health without mental health.

Dr. Forehand: It’s great to be in any helping profession. I see everyone in similar helping professions from first responders, teachers, to other health professionals as my colleagues. I’m proud to have them as colleagues.

Dr. Yoelekar-Dasari: Since joining Magellan, I have focused on improving services to the population diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). In the underserved and rural areas of New Mexico, members with diagnosis of ASD face challenges accessing services leading to poor outcomes. I have worked with my team on providing education on the importance of early intervention and working on improving services to this population.

What does National Doctor’s Day mean to you?

Dr. Lebischak: What a privilege it is to be a psychiatrist. It’s a time to reflect on all those who support us and the goal of mental health.

Dr. Forehand: I understand the first Doctors’ Day was established by the wife of a physician. I can relate to this as this is what means the most to me: that my wife, who has spent decades seeing what I gave up helping my patients and having to sacrifice with me, would honor the choice I made when I became a physician.

Dr. Yoelekar-Dasari: It is a day celebrated to recognize contributions of physicians to communities. In the past I have marked the day by making donations to underserved communities.

Challenges and obstacles create opportunities. Even since before the start of the pandemic, the provider community has dealt with workforce development challenges, especially in the field of behavioral health. As the demand for mental health and substance use disorder services have increased, so have the opportunities for a career in behavioral health for individuals at all experience levels.

Throughout the nation, healthcare workers are experiencing significant levels of burnout due to the pandemic. This once in a lifetime event has impacted the mental health of clinicians and has overly extended the existing provider workforce that was already experiencing a critical shortage. Although this is a widespread problem, rural areas and minority communities are more greatly affected. Many individuals living in these areas don’t have easy access to local primary care or mental health providers.

In Pennsylvania, there are currently a variety of job opportunities available, ranging from clinical, technical, and administrative roles of all experience levels. These roles in behavioral healthcare all provide the opportunity to make a positive impact in the lives of children, adolescence, and adults.

Watch this video created by Magellan Behavioral Health of Pennsylvania to learn more about the benefits of working in the behavioral health field.

Discussions about mental health in the Black community shouldn’t be limited to Black History Month in February and BIPOC Mental Health Awareness Month in July. The conversations and action steps geared toward providing education, support, and resources require a year-round effort.

A recent article published by the Kaiser Family Foundation, shares that although Black people have made great contributions and achievements in the United States, “they continue to face many health disparities that adversely impact their overall health and well-being,” which have been “exacerbated by impacts of the COVID-pandemic, ongoing racism and discrimination, and police violence against and killings of Black people.”

What impact do these factors have on the mental health of individuals in the BIPOC community? Magellan’s medical director Rakel Beall-Wilkins, M.D., MPH shares her perspectives on depression and suggestions on ways to be supportive.

What is depression and what are some signs or symptoms?

Dr. Beall-Wilkins: Depression is a clinical illness characterized by:

• Prolonged periods of low or sad mood.
• Loss of interest or pleasure in activities.
• Changes in appetite, sleep or energy levels.
• Feelings of worthlessness or hopelessness.
• Thoughts of death or suicide.

Depression can be caused by medical illness, substance abuse, and stressful social, academic, or occupational situations, but it can also develop more readily in individuals who have a family history of depression or other mental health conditions.

Other signs of depression may include:

• Withdrawing from social activities, relationships, or hobbies.
• Escalating drug or alcohol use.
• Declining self-care in the form of poor personal hygiene and grooming.
• Expressing feelings of hopelessness, worthlessness, and/or helplessness.
• Neglecting to attend to chronic medical conditions or maintain follow-up with healthcare providers.

How does depression impact individuals in the Black community?

Dr. Beall-Wilkins: As of 2020, the National Survey on Drug Use and Health found that 6% of Black American adults and 12.9% of Black American adolescents experienced a major depressive episode within the last year. Despite increasing levels of depression within the Black community, studies also show that Black Americans are less likely than their White counterparts to receive psychotherapy or medications for their depressive symptoms. This disparity is largely attributed to limited access to healthcare coverage and culturally competent behavioral health providers, as well as pervasive cultural stigma.

Is it possible for someone to experience depression that is triggered by external factors and societal issues, such as violence, police brutality, political unrest, and racism? If so, how?

Dr. Beall-Wilkins: Yes, it is possible for depression to develop as a result of exposure to sociopolitical strife. In fact, during the week following the highly publicized death of George Floyd in May 2020, rates of depression and anxiety spiked from 36 to 41% among Black American respondents to the Census Bureau’s 2020 Household Pulse Survey.

Likewise, a 2018 study published in The Lancet found that police killings of unarmed Black Americans resulted in an increase in poor mental health days among Black American respondents. Though they may not know the victims of these circumstances personally, it is very common for Black Americans to collectively internalize the trauma of these events and feel despair over the possibility that a similar fate could befall them or their close family members and friends. Moreover, the repeated nature of these events can elicit sadness, hopelessness, and fear that things will never change.

What are tips for an individual that recognizes they are showing signs of depression?

Dr. Beall-Wilkins:

• Visit your doctor and seek treatment: Regularly follow up with a primary care provider to ensure there are no untreated or undertreated medical conditions that may contribute to the development or worsening of depressive symptoms.
• Stay connected: Stay connected to close friends, family, and spiritual community for support.
• Diet and exercise play a role: Eat a balanced diet and engage in physical activity for at least 30 minutes a day, three times per week.

Resources:

• National Alliance on Mental Illness’s (NAMI) cultural dimensions website for BIPOC/AAPI communities.
• DSM-5 (American Psychiatric Publishing, Copyright 2013 (American Psychiatric Association) 
• Stanford University 
• Anxiety and Depression Association of America