Common warning signs for suicide include:

• Making suicidal statements.
• Being preoccupied with death in conversation, writing, or drawing.
• Giving away belongings.
• Withdrawing from friends and family.
• Having aggressive or hostile behavior.

It is extremely important that you take all threats of suicide seriously and seek immediate treatment for your child or teenager. If you are a child or teen and have these feelings, talk with your parents, an adult friend, or your doctor right away to get some help.

Other warning signs can include:

• Neglecting personal appearance.
• Running away from home.
• Risk-taking behavior, such as reckless driving or being sexually promiscuous.
• A change in personality (such as from upbeat to quiet).

Suicidal thoughts and suicide attempts

Certain circumstances increase the chances of suicidal thoughts in children and teens. Other situations may trigger a suicide attempt.

Circumstances that increase the chances of suicidal thoughts include having:

• Depression or another mental health problem, such as bipolar disorder (manic-depressive illness) or schizophrenia.
• A parent with depression or substance abuse problems.
• Tried suicide before.
• A friend, peer, family member, or hero (such as a sports figure or musician) who recently attempted or died by suicide.
• A disruptive or abusive family life.
• A history of sexual abuse.
• A history of being bullied.

Circumstances that may trigger a suicide attempt in children and teens include:

• Possession or purchase of a weapon, pills, or other means of inflicting self-harm.
• Drug or alcohol use problems.
• Witnessing the suicide of a family member.
• Problems at school, such as falling grades, disruptive behavior, or frequent absences.
• Loss of a parent or close family member through death or divorce.
• Legal or discipline problems.
• Stress caused by physical changes related to puberty, chronic illness, and/or sexually transmitted infections.
• Withdrawing from others and keeping thoughts to themselves.
• Uncertainty surrounding sexual orientation.

Depression

Signs of depression, which can lead to suicidal behavior, include:

• Feeling sad, empty, or tearful nearly every day.
• Loss of interest in activities that were enjoyed in the past.
• Changes in eating and sleeping habits.
• Difficulty thinking and concentrating.
• Complaints of continued boredom.
• Complaints of headaches, stomachaches, or fatigue with no actual physical problems.
• Expressions of guilt and/or not allowing anyone to give him or her praise or rewards.

Take any mention of suicide seriously. If someone you know is threatening suicide, get help right away.

Help is available. For additional information, visit MagellanHealth.com/MYMH

Source: Healthwise

Myth: It’s best not to plant the idea of suicide by talking about it with someone who seems depressed.

Fact: Talking about suicide provides the opportunity for communication. Fears that are shared are more likely to diminish. The first step in encouraging a suicidal person to live comes from talking about those feelings. The first step can be the simple inquiry about whether or not the person is intending to end their life.

Myth: Only crazy people commit suicide.

Fact: Everyone has the potential for suicide. While many people who kill themselves are clinically depressed, most are in touch with reality and not psychotic.

Myth: Suicide happens more often during the holidays, such as Christmas and Thanksgiving.

Fact: Suicide rates are lowest in December and peak during the spring.

Myth: If a person is determined to commit suicide, nothing will stop them.

Fact: Suicides can be prevented. People can be helped. Suicidal crises can be relatively short-lived. Suicide is a permanent solution to what is usually a temporary problem. Most suicidal people feel ambivalent and are torn between the desire to live and the desire to die. They just want the emotional pain to stop and see no other way out.

Myth: If a person attempts suicide and survives, they will never make a further attempt.

Fact: A suicide attempt is regarded as an indicator of further attempts. It is likely that the level of danger will increase with each further suicide attempt.

Myth: Teens are the greatest risk to commit suicide.

Fact: Adults are more likely to take their own life. At particularly high risk are adults between 45 and 54, who had a suicide rate of 19.72 deaths per 100,000 people, compared with about 19 per 100,000 in people over 85, and 13 per 100,000 in the general population. Still, teenagers remain a high-risk group. The percentage of emergency room visits related to suicidal thoughts or attempts among children and teens more than doubled from 2008 to 2015. (The suicide rate for 15- to 24-year-olds is 13.15 per 100,000.)

Help is available. For additional information, visit www.magellanhealth.com/mymh

Sources: American Foundation for Suicide Prevention; CDC.gov; Nevada Division of Public and Behavioral Health Office of Suicide Prevention

Contemplating life and death is probably common when in the midst of a natural disaster. As the eye of Irma passed over me on September 10, I was thinking about suicide and suicide prevention. September is Suicide Prevention Awareness Month, and Magellan Complete Care, our health plan for individuals living with serious mental illness in Florida, had been busy preparing for summits to draw attention to and dialogue around suicide prevention to local communities. Two days before Irma hit, I was busy canceling vendors for the summits. The day before Irma, I was dealing with a surprise, last-minute mandatory evacuation order while trying to locate a friend who was experiencing homelessness and depression, and who had expressed a desire to let the storm take his life instead of seeking shelter.

As the winds howled, windows rattled, and rain pounded against the home I had evacuated to, I sat on a closet floor thinking about how much I wanted to live and how that desire to live had not always been there. There were years where, like my friend, I was lost in my own storm. Depression had flooded my soul, my thoughts were battered by negativity and I never felt safe. The aftermath, similar to a hurricane, was a life left in shambles, just wishing for normalcy.

Recent hurricanes, earthquakes and wildfires remind us of the value of life. Suicide Prevention Awareness Month provides another reminder. Every 13 minutes that the winds and rain of Irma pelted my home state, someone in this country was ending their life too soon by suicide. With a completed suicide happening in Florida every three hours , the death toll from suicide may end up being higher than that from Irma’s destruction.

Natural disasters and the realities of suicide provide the same call to action to communities. We have a responsibility to watch out for each other and take care of each other. When the power is out, you share the food and batteries you have and a reminder to hold on. When someone’s internal light is out, you share hope and support and a reminder to stay strong.

There is much work ahead to rebuild lives, homes, and communities devastated by recent natural disasters; to support communities in reducing death by suicide; and to help individuals struggling through adversity. I am living proof that a life can be rebuilt. Whatever challenge you are facing, hold on, stay strong and don’t be afraid to ask for and accept help.

As we observe National Suicide Prevention Week 2017, we sat down with Dr. Shareh Ghani, vice president and medical director at Magellan Healthcare who lead Magellan’s Driving Suicide to Zero Initiative.

Magellan Health Insights: Dr. Ghani, thank you for chatting with us today. Tell us about the work you did with the Driving Suicide to Zero Initiative
 Dr. Shareh Ghani: In some parts of the healthcare community, there is a view that suicide is something ‘that just happens’; that it is unavoidable and acceptable. The Driving Suicide to Zero Initiative sought to change that paradigm. Through our efforts in a public health program, we shifted the viewpoint to one that believes that suicide can be stopped and can be driven to zero.

MHI: You have lead a number of initiatives for Magellan, what was your interest in this particular program?

SG: I have been working in mental health since 1993. From 1993 to 1995, during my residency, I had a lot of experience with suicide prevention research, and again working in community psychiatry. There is a lot of good research on the how of suicide, but I want to understand the why.

MHI: You looked at a lot of data as a part of this initiative. Tell us about that.

SG: We were managing the behavioral health contract for Maricopa County between 2007 and 2012. At the time, Phoenix had the seventh highest suicide rate in the country. The suicide rate for those with mental health issues was even higher.

During that time, we reviewed every case of completed suicide to see what could have been done differently.

MHI: What was the Driving Suicide to Zero Initiative hoping to achieve?

SG: Of course, we were looking to significantly impact suicide rates in Maricopa County. But more than that, we were looking to develop a systematized, data-driven, reproducible model.

Part of that meant preparing the clinical workforce to confidently identify at-risk individuals and improve treatment access and engagement. It also meant incorporating family and community participation to better identify early warning signs, navigate the clinical system, and support members at risk.

Finally, there was the integration of a sustainable and replicable clinical and support model and program tools into an EMR [Electronic Medical Record] to ensure that healthcare providers can, from a single source, identify, manage and plan for zero suicides through the safe management of those at risk.

MHI: And what were the results of the initiative? Was it successful?

SG: The results were highly encouraging. Between 2007 and 2012, there was a 67 percent reduction of the suicide rate for the population. Furthermore, there was a 42 percent decrease in the suicide rate of people with serious mental illness.

MHI: You mentioned earlier that the suicide rate was much higher for those with serious mental illness?

SG: Yes, it is a fact that individuals suffering from severe mental illness are six to 12 times more likely to die from suicide than the general population.

MHI: If you could hope that people would take away one thing from the Driving Suicide to Zero Initiative what would it be?

SG: That employing a rigorous, data-driven, scalable and reproducible population health approach to address suicide prevention, and creating a sustainable ecology of support around the individual and the community, is possible.

The Magellan Driving Suicide to Zero Initiative successfully incorporated population surveillance, analytics, research, early detection, intervention and monitoring to shift the paradigm from crisis mitigation to early prevention of suicide.

When I was selected to join the National Quality Forum’s Medicaid Innovation Accelerator Project Coordinating Committee, I thought about the background and experiences I would bring with me – both personally and professionally. As a trained pediatrician, my medical training focused largely on the care and treatment of young children. According to the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS), more than 45.2 million children were “ever-enrolled”¹ in Medicaid and the Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP) during fiscal year 2015. In addition, in the time since I was in practice, I’ve worked for several national healthcare companies, with a focus on population health, clinical delivery systems delivery and improvement.

Since joining Magellan as the company’s chief medical officer, I’ve worked with my colleagues to help continually looks for ways to reinvent how care is delivered. I am passionate about supporting the volume-to-value payment transformation, and Magellan has a key role to play because of the deep expertise we bring in behavioral health. Oftentimes, we don’t realize how specialized and important that expertise is, and how it impacts the overall quality of care for a patient, particularly with comorbid conditions. Magellan is also considered a trusted partner because we are an independent company and not part of a big health plan. In addition, we also bring a breadth of experience in medical specialty, medical pharmacy and long-term services and supports (LTSS) which is not found in most other organizations.

NQF’s Medicaid Innovation Accelerator Project (IAP) Coordinating Committee is tasked with identifying and recommending measures in four priority areas to help support states’ efforts related to payment and delivery system reforms.

The four priority areas are:

• Reducing Substance Use Disorders (SUD)
• Improving Care for Medicaid Beneficiaries with Complex Care Needs and High Costs (BCN)
• Promoting Community Integration – Community-Based Long-Term Services and Supports (CI-LTSS)
• Supporting Physical and Mental Health Integration (PMH)

The challenges – and opportunities – are many. Medicaid behavioral health does not currently have standard benefit packages from state-to-state, and there are also not standard billing practices. Both of those elements make it much harder to develop metrics which are reliable, and more technical expertise is needed to ensure that the metrics selected can be broadly used. Ultimately, this committee will provide guidance on performance measures for areas which are unique to Medicaid, including patients with complex health needs, LTSS needs and those with behavioral health and substance use/opioid disorders. The states will then have a list of standardized measures for use in Medicaid performance program evaluation.

All of the committee’s meetings are open to the public. The IAP will issue its draft report in July, and its final report at the end of September. I look forward to working with my committee colleagues as we work to draft these important metrics related to state’s efforts regarding payment and delivery system reforms.

¹These enrollment data are unduplicated counts of children who were enrolled in Medicaid and CHIP at any point in FFY 2015. A child who was enrolled in more than one program (e.g., Separate CHIP and Medicaid) at different times during the FFY is only counted in the program in which he or she was last enrolled.

In late January, Magellan held its second annual Magellan Open Vision Exchange (MOVE) conference in Scottsdale, Ariz. MOVE brings together a large cast of voices from the healthcare industry to discuss the future of healthcare for patients, plans and providers. Over two days, we heard from private industry experts, government leaders, as well as other subject matter experts and thought leaders both from inside and outside the healthcare industry.

The Future of Healthcare Beyond the Affordable Care Act

Obviously, the continuing debate over the future of healthcare and the Affordable Care Act were a central topic of the conversation at this year’s MOVE. A number of speakers talked about the impact of the Trump Administration’s efforts to repeal the Affordable Care Act. Former Utah Governor Michael Leavitt, who also served as the secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services, said that while he expects repeal and replace legislation will pass, significant parts will be deferred for three or four years. Brian Coyne, VP of federal affairs at Magellan Health, said that he feared gridlock over the next couple of years.

Managing Transformation in the Healthcare World

One of the key topics discussed at this year’s event was the immediate future of the healthcare industry. After a long period of explosive innovation, there was consensus that disruptive change will continue. Magellan Healthcare CEO Sam Srivastava posited that we are currently in a tech-bubble that is about to burst. The industry is waiting to see which of the early healthcare technology entrants will survive and how technology and healthcare will continue to interface with each other.
Leavitt spoke extensively of the need to manage transformation, especially in healthcare. Leavitt stressed that systematic healthcare change takes hold over three to four decade cycle, and he believes we are less than mid-way through the current transformation. Using an analogy of a cattle herd, Leavitt made the point that you can’t drive a herd too quickly, or you risk a stampede. You also can’t push the herd too slowly or it will meander. Applied to healthcare, the idea is simple but true: If we push change too quickly there will be chaos, but if we fail to adapt and change, we will stagnate. Allowing ourselves to be “lulled into inaction” is a recipe for disaster.

Value-Based Healthcare

A critical area of discussion was the expansion of value-based care. Speakers agreed that demand for value-based care is accelerating. Leavitt said he believed this was true regardless of the Trump Administration’s plans for healthcare. Billy Millwee, President and CEO of BM&A Public Policy, cited broad bipartisan support for the value-based model and agreed that it was here to stay.

Chet Burrell, president and CEO of CareFirst BlueCross BlueShield, spoke clearly on the approach that his company was taking: “We started and ended with common sense.” He went on to explain that they had built their model with the primary care physician at the center (PCP). The PCP knows the patient best and is therefore in the best position to make decisions regarding who to refer and to whom. By taking this approach, Burrell relayed, CareFirst was able to build a patient centered medical home model that improved care while reducing costs.

Despite the level of change being experienced throughout healthcare, a common theme was one of our industry being grounded in helping people get the high-quality care they need, affordably. This is the essence of why healthcare is our chosen industry and why we are driven to innovate.

An interesting takeaway was that across the conference and speakers, there was a clear common theme: while the ultimate structure of the pay-for-value transformation is uncertain, the movement will continue. Experimentation, promoted by both public and private payer initiatives, will drive innovation and change. Some will be better prepared than others to handle this paradigm shift.

According to the Kim Foundation, one out of four Americans experiences behavioral health issues. Of those, 60 percent are not receiving treatment.

Why are so many people not receiving treatment?

What does this mean for providers?

What more can be done to increase access to behavioral healthcare?

Learn more about this issue by downloading Magellan’s new infographic, “Mind the Gap: Increasing Access to Behavioral Healthcare.”

Uncertainty is the name of the game for many industries today, including healthcare. With rapidly emerging technologies, regulations and changing consumer demands, companies must manage differently in order to keep up. Jeff Dyer, innovation visionary and co-author of the highly acclaimed, The Innovator’s DNA and its follow-on publication, The Innovator’s DNA: Mastering the Five Skills of Disruptive Innovators highlighted the threat to many companies today – predicting that 50 percent of the S&P 500 will be replaced over the next 10 years.

Human-Centered Innovation

As consumer experiences across nearly every industry become more personalized, on-demand and targeted, he encouraged pushing our thinking beyond meeting functional needs by looking at social and emotional ones as well. By doing so, companies are able to identify unmet needs that can be catalysts for more useful solutions that ultimately win in the market.

The GE Adventure Series Scanner, an MRI scanner designed for children to make scanning a less frightening experience, was a prime example shared of human-centered innovation. While advanced in functional features, what was discovered through observing young patients getting a scan was that the former machine was intimidating – the designer learning that as many as 80 percent of pediatric patients had to be sedated in order to sit still long enough for the scan.  Witnessing this, a new approach was taken, ultimately applying human-centered design methods to redesign the experience as a series of “adventures” for children, delighting and no longer scaring its young users.

The Big Picture in Quality Care

While human-centered innovation can be applied product by product and interaction by interaction, we heard another thought-provoking point from the day’s presentations – that it’s really hard to detect poor quality care through one interaction. The path to a poor outcome most likely includes bouncing from doctor to doctor and breakdowns in coordination and communication between interactions. Often, the big picture reveals the flaws.

The reality today is that many people still get prescriptions from multiple, independent physicians, and many hospital admissions come with undiagnosed behavioral health concerns. The healthcare system has an immense opportunity to come together around the whole patient and to better identify needs at a population level to deliver on value-based care that leads to healthier outcomes.

Physician Collaboration

Our physician panel sparked further ideas in how to collaborate with PCP’s, nurses and other care workers to better meet patients’ needs. Often at the front lines of the patient experience, creativity in finding unidentified needs was discussed as pivotal to creating an effective healthcare experience. While concepts of self-directed, consumer-focused healthcare and increasing consumer participation in healthcare decisions have become popular, the role of physicians is also being transformed. Their responsibility is increasingly to supplement and put into perspective available information, manage expectations, and instill confidence. The discussion thus encouraged leveraging physicians as “natural, trained problems solvers”, bringing them into the ideation for a better patient experience, and empowering them with action-oriented data and decision support along the way.

We thank all of our leaders, clients and partners for joining us in a memorable and energizing event. We look forward to our next gathering in January 2017.